Principles of Soft Computing Using Python Programming: Learn How to Deploy Soft Computing Models in Real World Applications

Table of Contents....2

Title Page....14

Copyright....15

About the Author....16

Preface....18

1 Fundamentals of Soft Computing....21

1.1 Introduction to Soft Computing....21

1.2 Soft Computing versus Hard Computing....23

1.3 Characteristics of Soft Computing....26

1.4 Components of Soft Computing....30

Exercises....65

2 Fuzzy Computing....68

2.1 Fuzzy Sets....70

2.2 Fuzzy Set Operations....75

2.3 Fuzzy Set Properties....77

2.4 Binary Fuzzy Relation....80

2.5 Fuzzy Membership Functions....82

2.6 Methods of Membership Value Assignments....87

2.7 Fuzzification vs. Defuzzification....98

2.8 Fuzzy c-Means....105

Exercises....115

3 Artificial Neural Network....120

3.1 Fundamentals of Artificial Neural Network (ANN)....121

3.2 Standard Activation Functions in Neural Networks....128

3.3 Basic Learning Rules in ANN....141

3.4 McCulloch–Pitts ANN Model....147

3.5 Feed-Forward Neural Network....150

3.6 Feedback Neural Network....166

Exercises....177

4 Deep Learning....182

4.1 Introduction to Deep Learning....182

4.2 Classification of Deep Learning Techniques....184

Exercises....226

5 Probabilistic Reasoning....233

5.1 Introduction to Probabilistic Reasoning....233

5.2 Four Perspectives on Probability....241

5.3 The Principles of Bayesian Inference....244

5.4 Belief Network and Markovian Network....249

5.5 Hidden Markov Model....260

5.6 Markov Decision Processes....270

5.7 Machine Learning and Probabilistic Models....275

Exercises....280

6 Population-Based Algorithms....285

6.1 Introduction to Genetic Algorithms....285

6.2 Five Phases of Genetic Algorithms....286

6.3 How Genetic Algorithm Works?....298

6.4 Application Areas of Genetic Algorithms....305

6.5 Python Code for Implementing a Simple Genetic Algorithm....318

6.6 Introduction to Swarm Intelligence....322

6.7 Few Important Aspects of Swarm Intelligence....326

6.8 Swarm Intelligence Techniques....334

Exercises....358

7 Rough Set Theory....363

7.1 The Pawlak Rough Set Model....363

7.2 Using Rough Sets for Information System....371

7.3 Decision Rules and Decision Tables....373

7.4 Application Areas of Rough Set Theory....379

7.5 Using ROSE Tool for RST Operations....393

Exercises....400

8 Hybrid Systems....405

8.1 Introduction to Hybrid Systems....405

8.2 Neurogenetic Systems....408

8.3 Fuzzy-Neural Systems....422

8.4 Fuzzy-Genetic Systems....435

8.5 Hybrid Systems in Medical Devices....441

Exercises....450

Index....456

End User License Agreement....467

Soft computing is a computing approach designed to replicate the human mind’s unique capacity to integrate uncertainty and imprecision into its reasoning. It is uniquely suited to computing operations where rigid analytical models will fail to account for the variety and ambiguity of possible solutions. As machine learning and artificial intelligence become more and more prominent in the computing landscape, the potential for soft computing techniques to revolutionize computing has never been greater.

Principles of Soft Computing Using Python Programming provides readers with the knowledge required to apply soft computing models and techniques to real computational problems. Beginning with a foundational discussion of soft or fuzzy computing and its differences from hard computing, it describes different models for soft computing and their many applications, both demonstrated and theoretical. The result is a set of tools with the potential to produce new solutions to the thorniest computing problems.

Readers of Principles of Soft Computing Using Python Programming will also find:

• Each chapter accompanied with Python codes and step-by-step comments to illustrate applications
• Detailed discussion of topics including artificial neural networks, rough set theory, genetic algorithms, and more
• Exercises at the end of each chapter including both short- and long-answer questions to reinforce learning

Principles of Soft Computing Using Python Programming is ideal for researchers and engineers in a variety of fields looking for new solutions to computing problems, as well as for advanced students in programming or the computer sciences.