OCP Oracle Certified Professional Java SE 17 Developer (Exam 1Z0-829). Programmer's Guide. Volume l

Cover....1

Half Title....2

Title Page....4

Copyright Page....5

Contents Overview....10

Contents....12

Figures....22

Tables....26

Examples....30

Foreword....38

Preface....40

Writing This Book....40

About This Book....41

Using This Book....42

Book Website....44

Request for Feedback....44

About the Authors....45

Acknowledgments....45

1 Basics of Java Programming....48

1.1 The Java Ecosystem....49

1.2 Classes....52

1.3 Objects....55

1.4 Instance Members....56

1.5 Static Members....57

1.6 Inheritance....60

1.7 Aggregation....63

Review Questions....64

1.8 Sample Java Program....66

1.9 Program Output....71

Review Questions....73

2 Basic Elements, Primitive Data Types, and Operators....76

2.1 Basic Language Elements....77

2.2 Primitive Data Types....88

2.3 Conversions....90

2.4 Type Conversion Contexts....93

2.5 Precedence and Associativity Rules for Operators....97

2.6 Evaluation Order of Operands....99

2.7 The Simple Assignment Operator =....101

2.8 Arithmetic Operators: *, /, %, +, -....105

2.9 The Binary String Concatenation Operator +....114

2.10 Variable Increment and Decrement Operators: ++, --....116

Review Questions....118

2.11 Boolean Expressions....121

2.12 Relational Operators: <, <=, >, >=....121

2.13 Equality....122

2.14 Boolean Logical Operators: !, ^, &, |....125

2.15 Conditional Operators: &&, ||....127

2.16 Integer Bitwise Operators: ~, &, |, ^....129

2.17 Shift Operators: <<, >>, >>>....133

2.18 The Conditional Operator ?:....137

2.19 Other Operators: new, [], instanceof, ->....139

Review Questions....140

3 Declarations....144

3.1 Class Declarations....146

3.2 Method Declarations....147

3.3 Statements....148

3.4 Variable Declarations....149

3.5 Instance Methods and the Object Reference this....153

3.6 Method Overloading....155

3.7 Constructors....156

3.8 Static Member Declarations....159

Review Questions....162

3.9 Arrays....164

3.10 Parameter Passing....174

3.11 Variable Arity Methods....183

3.12 The main() Method....188

3.13 Local Variable Type Inference....189

Review Questions....194

4 Control Flow....198

4.1 Selection Statements....199

4.2 The switch Statement....202

4.3 The switch Expression....211

Review Questions....217

4.4 Iteration Statements....219

4.5 The while Statement....219

4.6 The do-while Statement....220

4.7 The for(;;) Statement....221

4.8 The for(:) Statement....223

4.9 Transfer Statements....226

4.10 Labeled Statements....226

4.11 The break Statement....227

4.12 The continue Statement....229

4.13 The return Statement....231

Review Questions....232

5 Object-Oriented Programming....236

5.1 Implementing Inheritance....238

5.2 The Object Reference super....253

5.3 Chaining Constructors Using this() and super()....256

Review Questions....262

5.4 Abstract Classes and Methods....265

5.5 Final Declarations....272

Review Questions....281

5.6 Interfaces....284

Review Questions....304

5.7 Arrays and Subtyping....306

5.8 Reference Values and Conversions....308

5.9 Reference Value Assignment Conversions....308

5.10 Method Invocation Conversions Involving References....312

5.11 Reference Casting and the instanceof Operator....316

5.12 Polymorphism....325

Review Questions....330

5.13 Enum Types....334

5.14 Record Classes....346

5.15 Sealed Classes and Interfaces....358

Review Questions....365

6 Access Control....370

6.1 Design Principle: Encapsulation....371

6.2 Java Source File Structure....372

6.3 Packages....373

6.4 Searching for Classes on the Class Path....384

Review Questions....388

6.5 Access Modifiers....392

6.6 Scope Rules....399

6.7 Implementing Immutability....403

Review Questions....407

7 Exception Handling....410

7.1 Stack-Based Execution and Exception Propagation....412

7.2 Exception Types....415

7.3 Exception Handling: try, catch, and finally....422

7.4 The throw Statement....433

7.5 The throws Clause....435

Review Questions....439

7.6 The Multi-catch Clause....444

7.7 The try-with-resources Statement....454

7.8 Advantages of Exception Handling....463

Review Questions....464

8 Selected API Classes....470

8.1 Overview of the java.lang Package....472

8.2 The Object Class....472

8.3 The Wrapper Classes....476

Review Questions....485

8.4 The String Class....486

8.5 The StringBuilder Class....511

Review Questions....518

8.6 The Math Class....525

8.7 The Random Class....529

8.8 Using Big Numbers....531

Review Questions....534

9 Nested Type Declarations....536

9.1 Overview of Nested Type Declarations....538

9.2 Static Member Types....542

9.3 Non-Static Member Classes....548

Review Questions....557

9.4 Local Classes....559

9.5 Static Local Types....566

9.6 Anonymous Classes....568

Review Questions....574

10 Object Lifetime....578

10.1 Garbage Collection....580

10.2 Reachable Objects....580

10.3 Facilitating Garbage Collection....583

10.4 Invoking Garbage Collection Programmatically....584

Review Questions....585

10.5 Initializers....587

10.6 Field Initializer Expressions....587

10.7 Static Initializer Blocks....592

10.8 Instance Initializer Blocks....598

10.9 Constructing Initial Object State....602

Review Questions....605

11 Generics....610

11.1 Introducing Generics....612

11.2 Generic Types and Parameterized Types....614

11.3 Collections and Generics....625

11.4 Wildcards....626

11.5 Using References of Wildcard Parameterized Types....631

11.6 Bounded Type Parameters....638

11.7 Generic Methods and Constructors....640

11.8 Implementing a Simplified Generic Stack....645

Review Questions....647

11.9 Wildcard Capture....651

11.10 Flexibility with Wildcard Parameterized Types....654

11.11 Type Erasure....660

11.12 Implications for Overloading and Overriding....662

11.13 Limitations and Restrictions on Generic Types....670

Review Questions....683

12 Collections, Part I: ArrayList....690

12.1 Lists....691

12.2 Declaring References and Constructing ArrayLists....693

12.3 Modifying an ArrayList....698

12.4 Querying an ArrayList....702

12.5 Iterating Over an ArrayList....704

12.6 Converting an ArrayList to an Array....705

12.7 Creating List Views....706

12.8 Arrays versus ArrayLists....709

Review Questions....714

13 Functional-Style Programming....720

13.1 Functional Interfaces....722

13.2 Lambda Expressions....726

13.3 Lambda Expressions and Anonymous Classes....735

Review Questions....740

13.4 Overview of Built-In Functional Interfaces....742

13.5 Suppliers....746

13.6 Predicates....750

13.7 Consumers....756

13.8 Functions....759

13.9 Two-Arity Specialization of Function: BiFunction....764

13.10 Extending Function: UnaryOperator....767

13.11 Extending BiFunction: BinaryOperator....768

13.12 Currying Functions....770

13.13 Method and Constructor References....771

13.14 Contexts for Defining Lambda Expressions....780

Review Questions....782

14 Object Comparison....788

14.1 The Objects Class....790

14.2 Implementing the equals() Method....791

14.3 Implementing the hashCode() Method....800

14.4 Implementing the java.lang.Comparable Interface....808

14.5 Implementing the java.util.Comparator Interface....816

Review Questions....821

15 Collections: Part II....828

15.1 The Java Collections Framework....830

15.2 Collections....837

15.3 Lists....848

15.4 Sets....851

15.5 Sorted Sets and Navigable Sets....857

15.6 Queues....861

15.7 Deques....868

Review Questions....873

15.8 Maps....877

15.9 Map Implementations....887

15.10 Sorted Maps and Navigable Maps....892

Review Questions....898

15.11 The Collections Class....903

15.12 The Arrays Class....911

Review Questions....921

16 Streams....927

16.1 Introduction to Streams....929

16.2 Running Example: The CD Record Class....930

16.3 Stream Basics....932

16.4 Building Streams....938

16.5 Intermediate Stream Operations....953

16.6 The Optional Class....988

16.7 Terminal Stream Operations....994

16.8 Collectors....1026

16.9 Parallel Streams....1057

Review Questions....1064

17 Date and Time....1071

17.1 Date and Time API Overview....1072

17.2 Working with Dates and Times....1075

17.3 Using Temporal Units and Temporal Fields....1092

17.4 Working with Instants....1097

17.5 Working with Periods....1105

17.6 Working with Durations....1112

17.7 Working with Time Zones and Daylight Savings....1120

17.8 Converting Date and Time Values to Legacy Date....1136

Review Questions....1137

18 Localization....1143

18.1 Using Locales....1144

18.2 Properties Files....1148

18.3 Bundling Resources....1150

Review Questions....1160

18.4 Core API for Formatting and Parsing of Values....1163

18.5 Formatting and Parsing Number, Currency, and Percentage Values....1164

18.6 Formatting and Parsing Date and Time....1175

18.7 Formatting and Parsing Messages....1187

Review Questions....1201

19 Java Module System....1209

19.1 Making the Case for Modules....1211

19.2 The Modular JDK....1212

19.3 Module Basics....1216

19.4 Overview of Module Directives....1225

19.5 Creating a Modular Application....1227

19.6 Compiling and Running a Modular Application....1234

19.7 Creating JAR Files....1237

19.8 Open Modules and the opens Directive....1239

19.9 Services....1244

19.10 Creating Runtime Images....1252

19.11 Categories of Modules....1253

19.12 Migrating to Modules....1257

19.13 Exploring Modules....1259

19.14 Summary of Selected Operations with the JDK Tools....1266

Review Questions....1271

20 Java I/O: Part I....1279

20.1 Input and Output....1281

20.2 Byte Streams: Input Streams and Output Streams....1282

20.3 Character Streams: Readers and Writers....1289

20.4 The Console Class....1304

Review Questions....1307

20.5 Object Serialization....1309

Review Questions....1325

21 Java I/O: Part II....1333

21.1 Characteristics of a Hierarchical File System....1335

21.2 Creating Path Objects....1337

21.3 Working with Path Objects....1342

21.4 Operations on Directory Entries....1352

21.5 Reading and Writing Files Using Paths....1362

21.6 Managing File Attributes....1369

21.7 Creating Directory Entries....1387

21.8 Stream Operations on Directory Entries....1393

Review Questions....1403

22 Concurrency: Part I....1413

22.1 Threads and Concurrency....1415

22.2 Runtime Organization for Thread Execution....1417

22.3 Creating Threads....1418

Review Questions....1426

22.4 Thread Lifecycle....1428

22.5 Thread Issues....1456

Review Questions....1463

23 Concurrency: Part II....1467

23.1 Utility Classes TimeUnit and ThreadLocalRandom....1469

23.2 The Executor Framework....1471

23.3 The Fork/Join Framework....1495

23.4 Writing Thread-Safe Code....1499

23.5 Special-Purpose Synchronizers....1518

23.6 Synchronized Collections and Maps....1525

23.7 Concurrent Collections and Maps....1530

Review Questions....1552

24 Database Connectivity....1559

24.1 Introduction to Relational Databases....1560

24.2 Introduction to JDBC....1565

24.3 Establishing a Database Connection....1567

24.4 Creating and Executing SQL Statements....1570

24.5 Processing Query Results....1581

24.6 Customizing Result Sets....1587

24.7 Discovering Database and ResultSet Metadata....1591

24.8 Implementing Transaction Control....1593

Review Questions....1596

25 Annotations....1603

25.1 Basics of Annotations....1605

25.2 Declaring Annotation Types....1606

25.3 Applying Annotations....1611

25.4 Meta-Annotations....1615

25.5 Selected Standard Annotations....1625

25.6 Processing Annotations....1635

Review Questions....1641

26 Secure Coding....1647

26.1 Application Security Overview....1648

26.2 Security Threat Categories....1650

26.3 Java Security Policies....1656

26.4 Additional Security Guidelines....1658

Review Questions....1659

A Taking the Java SE 17 and Java SE 11 Developer Exams....1663

A.1 Preparing for the Exam....1663

A.2 Registering for the Online Proctored Exam....1664

A.3 How the Online Proctored Exam Is Conducted....1666

A.4 The Questions....1667

B Exam Topics: Java SE 17 Developer....1671

C Exam Topics: Java SE 11 Developer....1677

D Annotated Answers to Review Questions....1683

E Mock Exam: Java SE 17 Developer....1757

F Annotated Answers to Mock Exam....1785

G Java Logging API Overview....1795

G.1 Purpose of the Logging API....1795

G.2 Configuring Logging....1796

G.3 Writing Log Messages....1797

G.4 Applying Guarded Logging....1799

G.5 Summary....1799

Index....1801

A....1802

B....1805

C....1807

D....1812

E....1815

F....1817

G....1819

H....1819

I....1820

J....1823

K....1824

L....1825

M....1827

N....1830

O....1832

P....1834

Q....1837

R....1838

S....1840

T....1846

U....1849

V....1850

W....1851

X....1851

Y....1851

Z....1851

A comprehensive guide to the Java programming language and the Java SE 11 and Java SE 17 Developer certification exams, this complete reference contains so much information, we had to split the print edition into two volumes for ease of use. This two-volume set features exhaustive coverage of all the Java language features and APIs covered by the exam objectives. Both volumes of this print edition are included in your purchase and are not sold separately.

OCP Oracle Certified Professional Java SE 17 Developer (Exam 1Z0-829) Programmer's Guide is a unique guide that combines a rigorous introduction to programming in Java with meticulous coverage of the Java SE 17 and Java SE 11 Developer exam objectives. Fully updated to reflect changes in the latest exams, it features an increased focus on analyzing code scenarios--not just individual language constructs. Each objective is thoroughly addressed, reflecting the latest features and APIs, as well as best practices for taking the exam. The only book anyone needs to study for Java SE 17 Developer or Java SE 11 Developer certification. Book features include:

• Easy to find coverage of key topics relevant to each exam objective
• An introduction to essential concepts in object-oriented programming (OOP) and functional-style programming
• In-depth coverage of declarations, access control, operators, flow control, OOP techniques, lambda expressions, streams, modules, concurrency, Java I/O, key API classes and much more
• Program output demonstrating expected results from complete Java programs
• Unique diagrams to illustrate important concepts, such as Java I/O, modules, and streams
• Extensive use of Unified Modeling Language (UML) to illustrate program design
• Dozens of review questions with annotated answers to help prepare for the exam and a complete mock exam