Selenium WebDriver Recipes in Ruby: The Problem Solving Guide to Selenium WebDriver. 4 Ed

 Table of Contents

Preface

Who should read this book

How to read this book

Recipe test scripts

Send me feedback

Introduction

Selenium language bindings: Java, C#, JavaScript, Python and Ruby

Cross-browser testing

RSpec

Run recipe scripts

Locating web elements

Start browser

Inspect Web Element in Browser

Find element by ID

Find element by Name

Find element by Link Text

Find element by Partial Link Text

Find element by XPath

Find element by Tag Name

Find element by Class

Find element by CSS Selector

Find element by Relative locators

Chain find_element to find child elements

Find multiple elements

Locate a Web Element that disappears after Inspect

Hyperlink

Click a link by text

Click a link by ID

Click a link by partial text

Click a link by XPath

Click Nth link with exact same label

Verify a link is present or not?

Getting link data attributes

Test links open a new browser window

Button

Click a button by text

Click a form button by text

Submit a form

Click a button by ID

Click a button by name

Click an image button

Click a button via JavaScript

Assert a button present

Assert a button enabled or disabled?

TextField and TextArea

Enter text into a text field by name

Enter text into a text field by ID

Enter text into a password field

Clear a text field

Enter text into a multi-line text area

Assert value

Focus on a control

Set a value to a read-only or disabled text field

Set and assert the value of a hidden field

Radio button

Select a radio button

Clear radio option selection

Assert a radio option is selected

Iterate radio buttons in a radio group

Click Nth radio button in a group

Click radio button by the following label

Customized Radio buttons - iCheck

CheckBox

Select by name

Uncheck a checkbox

Assert a checkbox is checked (or not)

Customized Checkboxes - iCheck

Select List

Select an option by text

Select an option by value

Select an option by index

Send keys to the select element

Select an option by iterating all options

Select multiple options

Clear one selection

Clear all selections

Assert a label or value in a select list

Assert selected option label

Assert the value of a select list

Assert multiple selections

Navigation and Browser

Go to a URL

Visit pages within a site

Perform actions from right mouse click context menu such as `Back', `Forward' or `Refresh'

Open browser in a certain size

Maximize browser window

Move browser window

Minimize browser window

Scroll focus to control vis JS

Scroll with Scroll Wheel Actions

Switch between browser windows or tabs

New Browser Window or Tab

Open new and close browser Tabs using JavaScript

Remember current web page URL, then come back to it later

Assertion

Assert page title

Assert Page Text

Assert Page Source

Assert Label Text

Assert Span text

Assert Div text or HTML

Assert Table text

Assert text in a table cell

Assert text in a table row

Assert image present

Assert element location and width

Assert element CSS style

Assert JS errors on a web page

Frames

Testing Frames

Find frames with find_element

Testing IFrame

Test multiple iframes

Testing AJAX

Wait within a time frame

Explicit Waits until Time out

Implicit Waits until Time out

Create your own polling check function

Wait AJAX Call to complete using JQuery

File Upload and Popup dialogs

File upload

JavaScript pop-ups

Modal style dialogs

Bypass basic authentication by embedding username and password in URL

Timeout on an operation

Internet Explorer modal dialog

Debugging Test Scripts

Print text for debugging

Write text to IDE output

Write page source or element HTML into a file

Take screenshots

Save the screenshot of a specific web element

Using IRB

Leave browser open after test finishes

Pause/Stop test execution at a certain step

Run selected test steps against current browser

Test Data

Get date dynamically

Get a random boolean value

Generate a number within a range

Get a random character

Get a random string at a fixed length

Get a random string in a collection

Generate random person names, emails, addresses with Faker

Generate a test file at fixed sizes

Retrieve data from Database

Browser Profile and Capabilities

Get browser type and version

Set HTTP Proxy for Browser

Verify file download in Chrome

Load Chrome extensions

Test downloading PDF in Firefox

Bypass basic authentication with Firefox AutoAuth plugin

Manage Cookies

Headless Chrome

Headless Firefox

Test responsive websites

Device emulation on Chrome

Set page load timeout

Testing slow pages that exceed default 60-second timeout

Advanced User Interactions

Double click a control

Move the mouse to a control - Mouse Over

Click and hold - select multiple items

Context Click - right click a control

Drag and drop

Drag slider

Send key sequences - Select All and Delete

Click a specific part of an image

Mouse move to coordinates

HTML 5 and JavaScript

HTML5 Email type field

HTML5 Time Field

Invoke `onclick' JavaScript event

Invoke JavaScript events such as `onchange'

Scroll to the bottom of a page

Select2 - Single Select

Select2 - Multiple Select

AngularJS web pages

Ember JS web pages

``Share Location'' with Firefox

Faking Geolocation with JavaScript

Save a canvas to PNG image

Verify dynamic charts

TinyMCE

CKEditor

SummerNote

CodeMirror

Leverage Programming

Raise exceptions to fail a test

Ignorable test statement error

Read external file

Data-Driven Tests with Excel

Data-Driven Tests with CSV

Identify element IDs with dynamically generated long prefixes

Sending special keys to an element or browser

Use of Unicode in test scripts

Extract a group of dynamic data : verify search results in order

Verify the uniqueness of a set of data

Extract dynamic visible data rows from a table

Extract dynamic text following a pattern using Regex

Quick extract pattern text in comments with Regex

Optimization

Assert text in page_source is faster than the text

Getting the text from a more specific element is faster

Avoid programming if-else block code if possible

Use variable to cache not-changed data

Enter large text into a text box

Use Environment Variables to change test behaviors dynamically

Test website in two languages

Multi-language testing with lookups

Gotchas

Test starts browser but no execution with a blank screen

Failed to assert copied text in the browser

The same test works for Chrome, but not IE

``unexpected tag name `input'''

Element is not clickable or not visible

Lack of knowledge of the programming language

Extend Selenium

Watir

RWebSpec

Capybara

Selenium with Cucumber

How Selenium-WebDriver is integrated with Cucumber?

Execute Cucumber tests

Cucumber or RSpec?

Material Design Web App

Select List (dropdown)

Checkbox

Drag range (noUiSlider)

Verify Toast message

Modal

Selenium Grid

Selenium Server Standalone

Execute tests on a remote machine

Set up Selenium Grid

Using Selenium Grid to run tests

Issues with Selenium Grid

Selenium 4

New Browser Window or Tab

Basic Authentication via register

Print to PDF

Save element screenshot

Relative Locators

Scroll Wheel Actions

Selenium DevTools

General

Event

Network

Emulate

Page

Quiz

Answers

Afterword

Resources

Books

websites

Blog

Tools

This book is for testers or programmers who write (or want to learn) automated tests with Selenium WebDriver. In order to get the most of this book, basic Ruby coding skill is required.Usually, a ‘recipe’ book is a reference book. Readers can go directly to the part that interests them. For example, if you are testing a multiple select list and don’t know how, you can look up in the Table of Contents, then go to chapter 8. This book supports this style of reading.If you are new to Selenium WebDriver, I recommend you to try out the recipes from the front to back. The recipes in the first half of the book are arranged according to their levels of complexity, I believe readers can get the pattern of testing with Selenium and gain confidence after going through them