Professional C# and .NET. 2021 Edition

Cover....1

Title Page....7

Copyright Page....8

About the Author....11

Acknowledgments....13

Contents....15

Introduction....41

The World of .NET....41

The World of C#....42

What’s New in C#....42

What’s New in ASP.NET Core....43

What’s New with Windows....43

What You Need to Write and Run C# Code....43

What This Book Covers....44

Part I, “The C# Language”....44

Part II, “Libraries”....45

Part III, “Web Applications and Services”....46

Part IV, “Apps”....46

Conventions....47

Source Code....47

Errata....48

Part I The C# Language....49

Chapter 1 .NET Applications and Tools....51

From .NET Framework to .NET Core to .NET....51

.NET Terms....52

.NET SDK....52

.NET Runtime....53

Common Language Runtime....54

.NET Compiler Platform....54

.NET Framework....54

.NET Core....54

.NET....55

.NET Standard....55

NuGet Packages....56

Namespaces....57

.NET Support Length....57

Application Types and Technologies....58

Data Access....58

Windows Apps....59

Web Applications....59

Services....60

SignalR....60

Microsoft Azure....60

Software as a Service....61

Infrastructure as a Service....61

Platform as a Service....61

Functions as a Service....61

Developer Tools....62

.NET CLI....62

Visual Studio Code....62

Visual Studio Community....62

Visual Studio Professional....63

Visual Studio Enterprise....63

Visual Studio for Mac....63

Windows Terminal....63

WSL 2....63

Docker Desktop....64

Using the .NET CLI....64

Creating the Application....64

Top-Level Statements....65

Selecting the Framework and Language Versions....66

Building the Application....66

Running the Application....67

Creating a Web Application....68

Publishing the Application....69

Self-Contained Deployments....69

Creating a Single Executable....70

ReadyToRun....70

Trimming....70

Summary....71

Chapter 2 Core C#....72

Fundamentals of C#....73

Top-Level Statements....73

Variables....74

Command-Line Arguments....75

Understanding Variable Scope....75

Constants....76

Methods and Types with Top-Level Statements....77

Nullable Types....78

Nullable Value Types....78

Nullable Reference Types....79

Using Predefined Types....81

Integer Types....81

Big Integer....81

Native Integer Types....81

Digit Separators....82

Binary Values....82

Floating-Point Types....82

The Boolean Type....83

The Character Type....83

Literals for Numbers....84

The object Type....84

Controlling Program Flow....85

The if Statement....85

Pattern Matching with the is Operator....85

The switch Statement....86

Pattern Matching with the switch Statement....87

The switch Expression....88

The for Loop....90

The while Loop....91

The do-while Loop....91

The foreach Loop....91

Exiting Loops....92

Organization with Namespaces....92

The using Directive....93

Namespace Aliases....93

Working with Strings....93

Using the StringBuilder....94

String Interpolation....94

FormattableString....95

String Formats....95

Verbatim Strings....96

Ranges with Strings....96

Comments....97

Internal Comments Within the Source Files....97

XML Documentation....97

C# Preprocessor Directives....99

#define and #undef....99

#if, #elif, #else, and #endif....100

#warning and #error....100

#region and #endregion....101

#line....101

#pragma....101

#nullable....102

C# Programming Guidelines....102

Rules for Identifiers....102

Usage Conventions....102

Naming Conventions....103

Casing of Names....103

Name Styles....104

Namespace Names....104

Names and Keywords....105

Use of Properties and Methods....105

Use of Fields....106

Summary....106

Chapter 3 Classes, Records, Structs, and Tuples....107

Creating and Using Types....108

Pass by Value or by Reference....108

Classes....110

Fields....111

Readonly Fields....112

Properties....113

Auto-ImplementedProperties....113

Access Modifiers for Properties....114

Readonly Properties....114

Expression-BodiedProperties....114

Auto-ImplementedRead-OnlyProperties....115

Init-OnlySet Accessors....115

Methods....116

Declaring Methods....116

Expression-BodiedMethods....116

Invoking Methods....116

Method Overloading....117

Named Arguments....118

Optional Arguments....118

Variable Number of Arguments....119

Constructors....120

Expression Bodies with Constructors....121

Calling Constructors from Other Constructors....121

Static Constructors....122

Local Functions....122

Generic Methods....123

Extension Methods....123

Anonymous Types....124

Records....125

Immutable Types....125

Nominal Records....125

Positional Records....126

Equality Comparison with Records....126

With Expressions....127

Structs....127

Enum Types....128

ref, in, and out....131

ref Parameters....131

in Parameters....132

ref return....132

out Parameters....133

Tuples....134

Declaring and Initializing Tuples....134

Tuple Deconstruction....135

Returning Tuples....136

ValueTuple....136

Deconstruction....136

Pattern Matching....137

Pattern Matching with Tuples....137

Property Pattern....139

Partial Types....140

Summary....142

Chapter 4 Object-Oriented Programming in C#....143

Object Orientation....144

Inheritance with Classes....144

Virtual Methods....145

Hiding Methods....147

Calling Base Versions of Methods....148

Abstract Classes and Methods....149

Sealed Classes and Methods....150

Constructors of Derived Classes....150

Modifiers....152

Access Modifiers....152

Other Modifiers....153

Inheritance with Records....154

Using Interfaces....155

Predefined Interfaces....155

Dependency Injection with Interfaces....157

Explicit and Implicit Implemented Interfaces....159

Comparing Interfaces and Classes....160

Default Interface Methods....160

Avoiding Breaking Changes....160

Traits with C#....161

Generics....163

Constraints....165

Summary....166

Chapter 5 Operators and Casts....167

Operators....168

Compound Assignment Operators....169

The Conditional-Expression Operator (?:)....169

The checked and unchecked Operators....170

The is and as Operators....171

The sizeof Operator....172

The typeof Operator....172

The nameof Expression....172

The Indexer....173

The Null-Coalescing and Null-Coalescing Assignment Operators....173

The Null-Conditional Operator....174

Using Binary Operators....175

Shifting Bits....177

Signed and Unsigned Numbers....178

Type Safety....180

Type Conversions....180

Implicit Conversions....180

Explicit Conversions....181

Boxing and Unboxing....183

Operator Overloading....184

How Operators Work....184

Operator Overloading with the Vector Type....185

Comparing Objects for Equality....187

Implementing Custom Indexers....190

User-Defined Conversions....191

Implementing User-Defined Casts....192

Casts Between Classes....195

Casts Between Base and Derived Classes....196

Boxing and Unboxing Casts....197

Multiple Casting....198

Summary....200

Chapter 6 Arrays....201

Multiple Objects of the Same Type....202

Simple Arrays....202

Array Declaration and Initialization....202

Accessing Array Elements....203

Using Reference Types....204

Multidimensional Arrays....205

Jagged Arrays....206

Array Class....207

Creating Arrays....207

Copying Arrays....208

Sorting....208

Arrays as Parameters....211

Enumerators....211

IEnumerator Interface....212

foreach Statement....212

yield Statement....212

Using Span with Arrays....215

Creating Slices....215

Changing Values Using Spans....216

ReadOnly Spans....217

Indices and Ranges....218

Indices and the Hat Operator....218

Ranges....218

Efficiently Changing Array Content....219

Indices and Ranges with Custom Collections....220

Array Pools....220

Creating the Array Pool....221

Renting Memory from the Pool....221

Returning Memory to the Pool....222

BitArray....222

Summary....224

Chapter 7 Delegates, Lambdas, and Events....225

Referencing Methods....226

Delegates....226

Declaring Delegates....226

Using Delegates....227

Passing Delegates to Methods....230

Action and Func Delegates....231

Multicast Delegates....232

Anonymous Methods....234

Lambda Expressions....235

Parameters....235

Multiple Code Lines....236

Closures....236

Events....237

Event Publisher....238

Event Listener....239

Summary....240

Chapter 8 Collections....241

Overview....242

Collection Interfaces and Types....242

Lists....243

Creating Lists....244

Collection Initializers....245

Adding Elements....245

Inserting Elements....246

Accessing Elements....246

Removing Elements....246

Searching....247

Sorting....248

Read-Only Collections....250

Queues....250

Stacks....254

Linked Lists....256

Sorted List....257

Dictionaries....259

Dictionary Initializers....260

Key Type....260

Dictionary Example....261

Lookups....265

Sorted Dictionaries....265

Sets....266

Performance....268

Immutable Collections....270

Using Builders with Immutable Collections....271

Immutable Collection Types and Interfaces....272

Using LINQ with Immutable Arrays....273

Summary....273

Chapter 9 Language Integrated Query....274

LINQ Overview....275

Lists and Entities....275

LINQ Query....277

Extension Methods....278

Deferred Query Execution....279

Standard Query Operators....281

Filter....282

Filter with Index....283

Type Filtering....284

Compound from....284

Sorting....285

Grouping....287

Variables Within the LINQ Query....288

Grouping with Nested Objects....289

Inner Join....290

Left Outer Join....293

Group Join....294

Set Operations....297

Zip....298

Partitioning....299

Aggregate Operators....300

Conversion Operators....302

Generation Operators....303

Parallel LINQ....304

Parallel Queries....304

Cancellation....305

Expression Trees....306

LINQ Providers....309

Summary....310

Chapter 10 Errors and Exceptions....311

Handling Errors....312

Predefined Exception Classes....312

Catching Exceptions....313

Exceptions and Performance....316

Implementing Multiple Catch Blocks....317

Catching Exceptions from Other Code....320

System.Exception Properties....320

Exception Filters....321

Rethrowing Exceptions....321

Naïvely Rethrowing the Exception....323

Changing the Exception....323

Rethrowing the Exception....324

Using Filters to Add Functionality....325

What Happens If an Exception Isn’t Handled?....326

User-Defined Exception Classes....326

Catching the User-Defined Exceptions....327

Throwing the User-Defined Exceptions....329

Defining the User-Defined Exception Classes....332

Caller Information....333

Summary....335

Chapter 11 Tasks and Asynchronous Programming....336

Why Asynchronous Programming Is Important....337

Task-Based Async Pattern....338

Tasks....339

Creating Tasks....340

Calling an Asynchronous Method....340

Using the Awaiter....341

Continuation with Tasks....342

Synchronization Context....342

Using Multiple Asynchronous Methods....343

Calling Asynchronous Methods Sequentially....343

Using ValueTasks....344

Using Combinators....343

Error Handling....345

Handling Exceptions with Asynchronous Methods....346

Handling Exceptions with Multiple Asynchronous Methods....346

Using AggregateException Information....347

Cancellation of async Methods....347

Async Streams....348

Async with Windows Apps....350

Configure Await....351

Switch to the UI Thread....352

Using IAsyncOperation....353

Avoid Blocking Scenarios....353

Summary....354

Chapter 12 Reflection, Metadata, and Source Generators....355

Inspecting Code at Runtime and Dynamic Programming....356

Custom Attributes....356

Writing Custom Attributes....357

Specifying the AttributeUsage Attribute....358

Specifying Attribute Parameters....359

Specifying Optional Attribute Parameters....359

Custom Attribute Example: WhatsNewAttributes....360

The WhatsNewAttributes Library....360

The VectorClass Library....361

Using Reflection....362

The System.Type Class....362

Type Properties....363

Methods....364

The TypeView Example....364

The Assembly Class....366

Getting Details About Types Defined in an Assembly....366

Getting Details About Custom Attributes....367

Completing the WhatsNewAttributes Example....367

Using Dynamic Language Extensions for Reflection....370

Creating the Calculator Library....370

Instantiating a Type Dynamically....371

Invoking a Member with the Reflection API....371

Invoking a Member with the Dynamic Type....372

ExpandoObject....373

Source Generators....375

Hello, World Source Generator....376

Source Generators Using Partial Methods....378

Summary....382

Chapter 13 Managed and Unmanaged Memory....383

Memory....384

Memory Management Under the Hood....384

Value Data Types....384

Reference Data Types....386

Garbage Collection....388

Strong and Weak References....390

Working with Unmanaged Resources....392

Destructors or Finalizers....392

The IDisposable and IAsyncDiposable Interfaces....393

The using Statement and the using Declaration....394

Implementing IDisposable and a Destructor....395

IDisposable and Finalizer Rules....396

Unsafe Code....397

Accessing Memory Directly with Pointers....397

Writing Unsafe Code with the unsafe Keyword....398

Pointer Syntax....399

Casting Pointers to Integer Types....400

Casting Between Pointer Types....401

void Pointers....401

Pointer Arithmetic....401

The sizeof Operator....403

Pointers to Structs: The Pointer Member Access Operator....403

Pointers to Class Members....404

Pointer Example: PointerPlayground....405

Function Pointers....409

Using Pointers to Optimize Performance....410

Creating Stack-BasedArrays....410

QuickArray Example....412

Span....413

Spans Referencing the Managed Heap....413

Spans Referencing the Stack....414

Spans Referencing the Native Heap....414

Span Extension Methods....415

Platform Invoke....416

Calling Native Windows APIs....416

Calling Native Linux APIs....419

Using the Library for Calling Native APIs....421

Summary....421

Part II Libraries....423

Chapter 14 Libraries, Assemblies, Packages, and NuGet....425

The Hell of Libraries....426

Assemblies....427

Creating and Using Libraries....429

.NET Standard....429

Creating a .NET Library....430

Solution Files....431

Referencing Projects....431

Referencing NuGet Packages....432

NuGet Sources....432

Creating NuGet Packages....434

NuGet Packages with the Command Line....434

Supporting Multiple Platforms....435

NuGet Packages with Visual Studio....437

Module Initializers....438

Summary....439

Chapter 15 Dependency Injection and Configuration....440

What Is Dependency Injection?....441

Using the .NET DI Container....441

Using the Host Class....443

Lifetime of Services....444

Singleton and Transient Services....446

Using Scoped Services....448

Using Custom Factories....451

Initialization of Services Using Options....451

Using Configuration Files....453

Configuration with .NET Applications....454

Using IConfiguration....455

Reading Strongly Typed Values....456

Configuration Sources....456

Production and Development Settings....457

User Secrets....458

Azure App Configuration....459

Creating Azure App Configuration....459

Using Azure App Configuration in the Development Environment....460

Dynamic Configuration....462

Production and Staging Settings with Azure App Configuration....463

Feature Flags....463

Using the Azure Key Vault....465

Summary....466

Chapter 16 Diagnostics and Metrics....467

Diagnostics Overview....468

Logging....469

Configuring Providers....472

Filtering....474

Configure Logging....474

Logging and Tracing with OpenTelemetry....475

More Logging Providers....477

Metrics....477

EventSource Class....477

Metric Counters....478

Using MetricsSampleSource....480

Monitoring Metrics with .NET CLI....481

Analytics with Visual Studio App Center....482

Application Insights....485

Summary....487

Chapter 17 Parallel Programming....488

Overview....489

Parallel Class....490

Looping with the Parallel.For Method....491

Stopping Parallel.For Early....493

Parallel.For Initialization....494

Looping with the Parallel.ForEach Method....495

Invoking Multiple Methods with the Parallel.Invoke Method....495

Tasks....496

Starting Tasks....496

Tasks Using the Thread Pool....497

Synchronous Tasks....498

Tasks Using a Separate Thread....498

Results from Tasks....498

Continuation Tasks....499

Task Hierarchies....500

Returning Tasks from Methods....501

Waiting for Tasks....501

Value Tasks....501

Cancellation Framework....503

Cancellation of Parallel.For....503

Cancellation of Tasks....505

Channels....506

Creating Bounded and Unbounded Channels....506

Writing to the Channel....507

Reading from the Channel....508

Async Streaming with the Channel....508

Timers....509

Using the Timer Class....509

WinUI Dispatcher Timer....509

Threading Issues....511

Race Conditions....512

Deadlocks....514

Interlocked....516

Monitor....516

SpinLock....517

WaitHandle....518

Mutex....518

Semaphore....519

Events....521

Barrier....524

ReaderWriterLockSlim....527

Locks with await....529

Summary....532

Chapter 18 Files and Streams....533

Overview....534

Managing the File System....534

Checking Drive Information....535

Working with the Path Class....536

Creating Files and Folders....536

Accessing and Modifying File Properties....538

Using File to Read and Write....539

Iterating Files....540

Working with Streams....541

Working with File Streams....543

Creating a FileStream....544

Getting Stream Information....544

Analyzing Text File Encodings....545

Reading Streams....546

Writing Streams....547

Copying Streams....547

Using Random Access to Streams....548

Using Buffered Streams....550

Using Readers and Writers....551

The StreamReader Class....551

The StreamWriter Class....552

Reading and Writing Binary Files....553

Compressing Files....553

Using the Deflate Stream....554

Using Brotli....555

Zipping Files....555

Watching File Changes....556

JSON Serialization....557

JSON Serialization....558

JSON Deserialization....560

Using JsonDocument....561

JSON Reader....561

JSON Writer....562

Using Files and Streams with the Windows Runtime....563

Windows App Editor....563

Mapping Windows Runtime Types to .NET Types....566

Summary....567

Chapter 19 Networking....568

Overview....569

Working with Utility Classes....569

URIs....570

IPAddress....571

IPHostEntry....572

DNS....572

Configuring Sockets....574

Using Sockets....574

TCP Echo Sample Using Sockets....574

Creating a Listener....576

Communication with Pipelines....578

Implementing a Receiver....580

Using TCP Classes....581

Creating a TCP Listener....581

Creating a TCP Client....583

Using UDP....585

Building a UDP Receiver....585

Creating a UDP Sender....587

Using Multicasts....589

Using Web Servers....590

Configuring Kestrel....591

Startup....592

HTTP Headers....593

The HttpClient Class....596

Making an Asynchronous Get Request....597

Throwing Exceptions from Errors....598

Creating an HttpRequestMessage....599

Passing Headers....599

Accessing the Content....601

Customizing Requests with HttpMessageHandler....601

HttpClient Factory....602

Typed Clients....603

Named Clients....603

Resilient HTTP Requests....604

Summary....605

Chapter 20 Security....606

Elements of Security....607

Verifying User Information....607

Working with the Microsoft Identity Platform....607

Using Microsoft.Identity.Client....608

Using Authentication and Authorization with a Web App....611

Encrypting Data....614

Getting an X.509 Certificate....617

Creating and Verifying a Signature....619

Implementing Secure Data Exchange....621

Ensuring Web Security....624

Encoding....624

Preventing SQL Injection....626

Protecting Against Cross-Site Request Forgery....627

Summary....629

Chapter 21 Entity Framework Core....630

Introducing EF Core....631

Database Providers....631

Creating an Azure SQL Database....631

Creating a Model....632

Creating a Context....633

Conventions, Annotations, and Fluent API....634

Configuring the Context with the DI Provider....635

Creating the Database....636

Deleting the Database....636

Writing to the Database....637

Reading from the Database....637

Updating with Classes....638

Updating with Records....639

Deleting Records....639

Logging and Metrics....640

Creating a Model....641

Creating a Relation....641

Using the Fluent API for Mapping Definitions....642

Using Self-Contained Type Configuration....643

Mapping to Fields....645

Working with Shadow Properties....646

Scaffolding a Model from the Database....648

Migrations....649

Implementing IDesignTimeDbContextFactory....649

Creating Migrations....650

Applying Migrations Programmatically....653

Other Ways to Apply Migrations....654

Working with Queries....654

Basic Queries....654

Asynchronous Streams....657

Raw SQL Queries....657

Compiled Queries....657

Global Query Filters....659

EF.Functions....660

Loading Related Data....660

Eager Loading Related Data....661

Eager Loading with Filtered Include....661

Explicit Loading Related Data....662

Lazy Loading....663

Working with Relationships....665

Many-to-Many Relations....665

Table Splitting....667

Owned Entities....669

Table per Hierarchy....671

Saving Data....673

Adding Objects with Relations....674

Tracking Objects....675

Updating Objects....677

Updating Untracked Objects....677

Conflict Handling....678

The Last One Wins....679

The First One Wins....680

Using Transactions....683

Using Implicit Transactions....683

Creating Explicit Transactions....684

Using Ambient Transactions....685

Using Azure Cosmos DB....687

Summary....691

Chapter 22 Localization....692

Global Markets....693

Namespace System.Globalization....693

Unicode Issues....693

Cultures and Regions....694

Specific, Neutral, and Invariant Cultures....694

Current Culture and Current UI Culture....695

Number Formatting....695

Date Formatting....696

Cultures in Action....697

Sorting....702

Resources....704

Resource Readers and Writers....705

Using Resource Files with ResourceManager....705

Localization with ASP.NET Core....706

Registering Localization Services....707

Configuring the Middleware....707

ASP.NET Core Culture Providers....708

Using a Culture with ASP.NET Core....709

Using Resources with ASP.NET Core....709

Localization with Data Annotations....711

Localization with WINUI....712

Using the MRT ResourceLoader....713

Using the MRT ResourceManager....714

Changing the Language with a ResourceContext....714

Summary....715

Chapter 23 Tests....716

Overview....716

Unit Testing....717

Creating Unit Tests....717

Running Unit Tests....719

Implementing Complex Methods....719

Expecting Exceptions....720

Testing All Code Paths....721

Code Coverage....722

External Dependencies....723

Using a Mocking Library....726

ASP.NET Core Integration Testing....730

Summary....732

Part III Web Applications and Services....733

Chapter 24 ASP.NET Core....735

Understanding Web Technologies....735

HTML....736

CSS....736

JavaScript and TypeScript....736

Scripting Libraries....737

WebAssembly....737

Creating an ASP.NET Core Web Project....737

Host Server....739

Startup....740

Sample Application Preparations....741

Adding Client-Side Content....742

Creating Custom Middleware....744

Endpoint Routing....747

Defining Routes....747

Route Constraints....748

Request and Response....748

Request Headers....749

Query Parameters....751

Form Data....752

Cookies....753

Sending JSON....754

Session State....754

Health Checks....756

Deployment....759

Summary....761

Chapter 25 Services....762

Understanding Today’s Services....763

REST Services with ASP.NET Core....763

Defining a Model....764

Creating a Service....764

Creating a Controller....768

Testing REST APIs....770

REST Results and Status Codes....771

Creating a .NET Client....772

Sending GET Requests....773

Sending POST Requests....776

Sending PUT Requests....776

Sending DELETE Requests....777

Using EF Core with Services....778

Authentication and Authorization with Azure AD B2C....780

Creating and Configuring the Service....782

Adding Authentication to the Client Application....786

Implementing and Using Services with GRPC....788

Creating a gRPC Project....788

Defining the Contract with Protobuf....789

Implementing a gRPC Service....790

Implementing a gRPC Client....792

Streaming with gRPC....794

Using Azure Functions....796

Creating an Azure Functions Project....796

Adding HTTP Trigger Functions....797

More Azure Services....799

Summary....799

Chapter 26 Razor Pages and MVC....800

Setting Up Services for Razor Pages and MVC....801

Creating Razor Pages Projects....801

Understanding Razor Syntax....802

Razor Pages....803

Layouts....803

Passing Data Between Views....805

Render Sections....805

Routing with Parameters....806

Razor Libraries and Areas....808

Injecting Services....809

Returning Results....809

Model Binding....810

Working with HTML Helpers....810

Working with Tag Helpers....811

Validation of User Input....812

Creating Custom Tag Helpers....813

Creating Elements with Tag Helpers....815

View Components....818

ASP.NET Core MVC....821

MVC Bootstrapping....821

MVC Routing....821

Controllers....822

Razor Views....823

Strongly Typed Views....823

Partial Views....824

Identity UI....825

Summary....826

Chapter 27 Blazor....827

Blazor Server and Blazor WebAssembly....828

Blazor Server....828

WebAssembly....828

Blazor WebAssembly....829

Creating a Blazor Server Web Application....830

Blazor Server Startup....830

Blazor Layout....831

Navigation....832

The Counter Component....833

The FetchData Component....834

Blazor WebAssembly....836

Blazor WebAssembly Startup....837

Injecting HttpClient with Blazor WebAssembly....838

Working with Progressive Web Applications....839

Razor Components....840

Understanding the Parameters of Components....840

Injecting Services....841

Working with Event Callback....842

Programmatically Updating the UI....844

Two-Way Binding....844

Cascading Parameters....845

Using Templated Components....846

Using Built-in Components....847

Summary....848

Chapter 28 SignalR....849

Overview....849

Creating a Simple Chat Using SIGNALR....850

Creating a Hub....850

Creating a Client with HTML and JavaScript....852

Creating SignalR .NET Clients....854

Grouping Connections....858

Extending the Hub with Groups....858

Extending the Windows Client App with Groups....859

Streaming with SIGNALR....862

Summary....864

Part IV Apps....865

Chapter 29 Windows Apps....867

Introducing Windows Apps....867

Windows Runtime....869

Hello, Windows....870

Application Manifest....870

Application Startup....870

Main Window....872

Introducing XAML....874

Mapping Elements to Classes....874

Using Custom .NET Classes with XAML....875

Setting Properties as Attributes....876

Using Properties as Elements....877

Dependency Properties....877

Creating a Dependency Property....878

Value Changed Callbacks and Events....879

Routed Events....880

Attached Properties....881

Markup Extensions....883

Custom Markup Extensions....884

Working with Controls....885

FrameworkElement-Derived UI Elements....886

Presenters....888

Control-Derived Controls....888

Using a TextBox....891

Selecting a Date....891

Range Controls....895

Progress Bar....896

Slider....896

Content Controls....897

Buttons....898

Replacing the Content of the Button....898

Linking with the HyperlinkButton....899

Items Controls....899

Flyouts....900

Working with Data Binding....900

Change Notification with INotifyPropertyChanged....901

Creating a List of Books....903

List Binding....904

Binding Events to Methods....904

Using Data Templates and the Data Template Selector....905

Show Lists and Details....906

Binding Simple Objects....907

Value Conversion....908

Implementing Navigation....909

Hub....910

TabView....912

NavigationView....913

Implementing Layout Panels....915

StackPanel....915

Grid....916

VariableSizedWrapGrid....917

RelativePanel....918

Adaptive Triggers....920

Deferred Loading....922

Summary....923

Chapter 30 Patterns with XAML Apps....924

Why MVVM?....924

Defining the MVVM Pattern....925

Sample Solution....927

Models....927

Services....930

View Models....931

IEditableObject....934

Concrete View Model Implementations....935

Commands....936

Services, View Models, and Dependency Injection....937

Views....939

Opening Dialogs from View Models....941

Navigating Between Pages....942

Messaging Using Events....945

Summary....946

Chapter 31 Styling Windows Apps....947

Styling....948

Shapes....948

Geometry....950

Geometries Using Segments....950

Geometries Using Path Markup....951

Transformation....951

Scaling....952

Translating....952

Rotating....953

Skewing....953

Transforming with Groups and Composite Transforms....953

Transforming Using a Matrix....953

Brushes....954

SolidColorBrush....954

Gradient Brushes....955

ImageBrush....955

AcrylicBrush....956

Styles and Resources....956

Styles....956

Resource Hierarchies....958

Theme Resources....959

Templates....961

Control Templates....961

Styling a ListView....963

Item Container Style....965

Items Panel....965

Animations....966

Timeline....966

Easing Functions....968

Keyframe Animations....973

Transitions....974

Reposition Transition....974

Pane Transition....974

Transitions for Items....975

Visual State Manager....976

Predefined States with Control Templates....977

Defining Custom States....978

Setting Custom States....979

Summary....979

Index....981

EULA....1011

In Professional C# and .NET: 2021 Edition, Microsoft MVP for Visual Studio and Development Technologies and veteran developer, Christian Nagel, delivers a comprehensive tour of the new features and capabilities of C#9 and .NET 5.

Experienced programmers making the transition to C# will benefit from the author’s in-depth explorations to create Web- and Windows applications using ASP.NET Core, Blazor, and WinUI using modern application patterns and new features offered by .NET including Microservices deployed to Docker images, GRPC, localization, asynchronous streaming, and much more.

The book also offers:

• Discussions of the extension of .NET to non-Microsoft platforms like OSX and Linux
• Explanations of the newest features in C#9, including support for record types, and enhanced support for tuples, pattern matching, and nullable reference types
• Integrating .NET applications with Microsoft Azure services such as Azure App
• Configuration, Azure Key Vault, Azure Functions, the Azure Active Directory, and others Downloadable code examples from wrox.com and github.com with online updates for C# 10 and .NET 6

Perfect for programmers with a background in C#, Visual Basic, Java, or C/C++, Professional C# and .NET: 2021 Edition will also earn a place in the libraries of software architects seeking an up-to-date and fulsome treatment of the latest C# and .NET releases.