Pro ASP.NET Core 7. 10 Ed

Pro ASP.NET Core 7, Tenth Edition....1

Praises from reviewers of Pro ASP.NET Core 7, Tenth Edition....2

dedication....6

contents....8

preface....28

about this book....30

Who should read this book....30

How this book is organized: a roadmap....30

About the code....31

liveBook discussion forum....31

about the author....32

about the cover illustration....33

1 Putting ASP.NET Core in context....34

1.1 Understanding the application frameworks ....36

1.1.1 Understanding the MVC Framework ....36

1.1.2 Understanding Razor Pages....37

1.1.3 Understanding Blazor ....37

1.1.4 Understanding the utility frameworks ....38

1.1.5 Understanding the ASP.NET Core platform ....38

1.2 Understanding this book....39

1.2.1 What software do I need to follow the examples?....39

1.2.2 What platform do I need to follow the examples?....39

1.2.3 What if I have problems following the examples?....39

1.2.4 What if I find an error in the book?....40

1.2.5 What does this book cover?....40

1.2.6 What doesn’t this book cover?....41

1.2.7 How do I contact the author?....41

1.2.8 What if I really enjoyed this book?....42

1.2.9 What if this book has made me angry and I want to complain?....42

Summary....42

Part 1....44

2 Getting started....46

2.1 Choosing a code editor....46

2.1.1 Installing Visual Studio....47

2.1.2 Installing Visual Studio Code ....49

2.2 Creating an ASP.NET Core project....52

2.2.1 Opening the project using Visual Studio....53

2.2.2 Opening the project with Visual Studio Code ....54

2.3 Running the ASP.NET Core application....55

2.3.1 Understanding endpoints....56

2.3.2 Understanding routes....58

2.3.3 Understanding HTML rendering ....58

2.3.4 Putting the pieces together....63

Summary....63

3 Your first ASP.NET Core application....64

3.1 Setting the scene....64

3.2 Creating the project ....65

3.2.1 Preparing the project ....65

3.2.2 Adding a data model....67

3.2.3 Creating a second action and view....68

3.2.4 Linking action methods....70

3.2.5 Building the form....71

3.2.6 Receiving form data....72

3.2.7 Adding the thanks view....75

3.2.8 Displaying responses....77

3.2.9 Adding validation....79

3.2.10 Styling the content....84

Summary....90

4 Using the development tools....91

4.1 Creating ASP.NET Core projects....92

4.1.1 Creating a project using the command line....92

4.2 Adding code and content to projects....95

4.2.1 Understanding item scaffolding....97

4.3 Building and running projects....97

4.3.1 Using the hot reload feature ....99

4.4 Managing packages....101

4.4.1 Managing NuGet packages....101

4.4.2 Managing tool packages ....102

4.4.3 Managing client-side packages ....102

4.5 Debugging projects ....104

Summary....105

5 Essential C# features....106

5.1 Preparing for this chapter....107

5.1.1 Opening the project ....108

5.1.2 Enabling the MVC Framework....108

5.1.3 Creating the application components ....108

5.1.4 Selecting the HTTP port....110

5.1.5 Running the example application ....111

5.2 Understanding top-level statements....111

5.3 Understanding global using statements....112

5.3.1 Understanding implicit using statements....113

5.4 Understanding null state analysis....114

5.4.1 Ensuring fields and properties are assigned values....115

5.4.2 Providing a default value for non-nullable types ....117

5.4.3 Using nullable types ....117

5.4.4 Checking for null values ....119

5.4.5 Overriding null state analysis ....122

5.4.6 Disabling null state analysis warnings ....122

5.5 Using string interpolation ....123

5.6 Using object and collection initializers....123

5.6.1 Using an index initializer ....125

5.7 Using target-typed new expressions....126

5.8 Pattern Matching....127

5.8.1 Pattern matching in switch statements ....127

5.9 Using extension methods....128

5.9.1 Applying extension methods to an interface....130

5.9.2 Creating filtering extension methods....132

5.10 Using lambda expressions....133

5.10.1 Defining functions....135

5.10.2 Using lambda expression methods and properties ....138

5.11 Using type inference and anonymous types....140

5.11.1 Using anonymous types....140

5.12 Using default implementations in interfaces....142

5.13 Using asynchronous methods....144

5.13.1 Working with tasks directly ....144

5.13.2 Applying the async and await keywords....145

5.13.3 Using an asynchronous enumerable....147

5.14 Getting names....150

Summary....151

6 Testing ASP.NET Core applications....152

6.1 Preparing for this chapter....153

6.1.1 Opening the project ....154

6.1.2 Selecting the HTTP port....154

6.1.3 Enabling the MVC Framework ....155

6.1.4 Creating the application components ....155

6.1.5 Running the example application ....157

6.2 Creating a unit test project....157

6.3 Writing and running unit tests....158

6.3.1 Running tests with the Visual Studio Test Explorer....160

6.3.2 Running tests with Visual Studio Code ....161

6.3.3 Running tests from the command line ....161

6.3.4 Correcting the unit test ....162

6.3.5 Isolating components for unit testing ....163

6.3.6 Using a mocking package ....168

6.3.7 Creating a mock object....168

Summary....170

7 SportsStore: A real application....171

7.1 Creating the projects....172

7.1.1 Creating the unit test project....173

7.1.2 Opening the projects....173

7.1.3 Configuring the HTTP port ....173

7.1.4 Creating the application project folders....174

7.1.5 Preparing the services and the request pipeline....175

7.1.6 Configuring the Razor view engine....176

7.1.7 Creating the controller and view ....177

7.1.8 Starting the data model....177

7.1.9 Checking and running the application ....178

7.2 Adding data to the application ....178

7.2.1 Installing the Entity Framework Core packages ....179

7.2.2 Defining the connection string....179

7.2.3 Creating the database context class....180

7.2.4 Configuring Entity Framework Core ....181

7.2.5 Creating a repository....181

7.2.6 Creating the database migration ....184

7.2.7 Creating seed data....184

7.3 Displaying a list of products....187

7.3.1 Preparing the controller ....187

7.3.2 Updating the view....189

7.3.3 Running the application....190

7.4 Adding pagination....190

7.4.1 Displaying page links....192

7.4.2 Improving the URLs....200

7.5 Styling the content....202

7.5.1 Installing the Bootstrap package....202

7.5.2 Applying Bootstrap styles....202

7.5.3 Creating a partial view....205

Summary....207

8 SportsStore: Navigation and cart....208

8.1 Adding navigation controls....208

8.1.1 Filtering the product list....209

8.1.2 Refining the URL scheme....213

8.1.3 Building a category navigation menu....217

8.1.4 Correcting the page count....224

8.2 Building the shopping cart....227

8.2.1 Configuring Razor Pages....227

8.2.2 Creating a Razor Page ....229

8.2.3 Creating the Add to Cart buttons....230

8.2.4 Enabling sessions....232

8.2.5 Implementing the cart feature....233

Summary....243

9 SportsStore: Completing the cart....244

9.1 Refining the cart model with a service....244

9.1.1 Creating a storage-aware cart class....245

9.1.2 Registering the service....247

9.1.3 Simplifying the cart Razor Page....248

9.2 Completing the cart functionality....250

9.2.1 Removing items from the cart....250

9.2.2 Adding the cart summary widget....253

9.3 Submitting orders....256

9.3.1 Creating the model class....256

9.3.2 Adding the checkout process....257

9.3.3 Creating the controller and view....258

9.3.4 Implementing order processing....260

9.3.5 Completing the order controller....263

9.3.6 Displaying validation errors....267

9.3.7 Displaying a summary page....269

Summary....270

10 SportsStore: Administration....271

10.1 Preparing Blazor Server....272

10.1.1 Creating the imports file....273

10.1.2 Creating the startup Razor Page....273

10.1.3 Creating the routing and layout components ....274

10.1.4 Creating the Razor Components ....275

10.1.5 Checking the Blazor setup....275

10.2 Managing orders....276

10.2.1 Enhancing the model....277

10.2.2 Displaying orders to the administrator....278

10.3 Adding catalog management ....282

10.3.1 Expanding the repository ....282

10.3.2 Applying validation attributes to the data model....283

10.3.3 Creating the list component ....284

10.3.4 Creating the detail component ....286

10.3.5 Creating the editor component ....287

10.3.6 Deleting products....290

Summary....292

11 SportsStore: Security and deployment....293

11.1 Creating the Identity database....294

11.1.1 Installing the Identity package for Entity Framework Core ....294

11.1.2 Creating the context class ....294

11.1.3 Defining the connection string....295

11.1.4 Configuring the application ....295

11.1.5 Creating and applying the database migration....297

11.1.6 Defining the seed data ....297

11.2 Adding a conventional administration feature....300

11.3 Applying a basic authorization policy ....301

11.4 Creating the account controller and views....302

11.5 Testing the security policy ....306

11.6 Preparing ASP.NET Core for deployment ....307

11.6.1 Configuring error handling....307

11.6.2 Creating the production configuration settings....309

11.6.3 Creating the Docker image ....310

11.6.4 Running the containerized application ....313

Summary....314

Part 2....316

12 Understanding the ASP.NET Core platform ....318

12.1 Preparing for this chapter....319

12.1.1 Running the example application ....321

12.2 Understanding the ASP.NET Core platform....321

12.2.1 Understanding middleware and the request pipeline....321

12.2.2 Understanding services....322

12.3 Understanding the ASP.NET Core project....322

12.3.1 Understanding the entry point....324

12.3.2 Understanding the project file....325

12.4 Creating custom middleware ....326

12.4.1 Defining middleware using a class ....330

12.4.2 Understanding the return pipeline path ....332

12.4.3 Short-Circuiting the request pipeline ....333

12.4.4 Creating pipeline branches....335

12.4.5 Creating terminal middleware ....337

12.5 Configuring middleware....339

12.5.1 Using the options pattern with class-based middleware ....341

Summary....343

13 Using URL routing....344

13.1 Preparing for this chapter....345

13.1.1 Understanding URL routing ....348

13.1.2 Adding the routing middleware and defining an endpoint ....349

13.1.3 Simplifying the pipeline configuration ....352

13.1.4 Understanding URL patterns....354

13.1.5 Using segment variables in URL patterns....355

13.1.6 Generating URLs from routes....359

13.2 Managing URL matching ....363

13.2.1 Matching multiple values from a single URL segment ....363

13.2.2 Using default values for segment variables....364

13.2.3 Using optional segments in a URL Pattern....366

13.2.4 Using a catchall segment variable ....367

13.2.5 Constraining segment matching ....369

13.2.6 Defining fallback routes....373

13.3 Advanced routing features ....374

13.3.1 Creating custom constraints....374

13.3.2 Avoiding ambiguous route exceptions....375

13.3.3 Accessing the endpoint in a middleware component ....377

Summary....380

14 Using dependency injection....381

14.1 Preparing for this chapter....383

14.1.1 Creating a middleware component and an endpoint....383

14.1.2 Configuring the request pipeline ....384

14.2 Understanding service location and tight coupling ....385

14.2.1 Understanding the service location problem....386

14.2.2 Understanding the tightly coupled components problem....388

14.3 Using dependency injection....390

14.3.1 Using a Service with a Constructor Dependency ....392

14.3.2 Getting services from the HttpContext object ....393

14.4 Using Service Lifecycles....397

14.4.1 Creating transient services....398

14.4.2 Avoiding the transient service reuse pitfall....399

14.4.3 Using scoped services....402

14.5 Other dependency injection features....407

14.5.1 Creating dependency chains ....407

14.5.2 Accessing services in the Program.cs file ....409

14.5.3 Using service factory functions....410

14.5.4 Creating services with multiple implementations ....412

14.5.5 Using unbound types in services ....414

Summary....416

15 Using the platform features, part 1....417

15.1 Preparing for this chapter....418

15.2 Using the configuration service....420

15.2.1 Understanding the environment configuration file....420

15.2.2 Accessing configuration settings....421

15.2.3 Using the configuration data in the Program.cs file ....423

15.2.4 Using configuration data with the options pattern ....423

15.2.5 Understanding the launch settings file ....425

15.2.6 Using the environment service....430

15.2.7 Storing user secrets....431

15.3 Using the logging service ....434

15.3.1 Generating logging messages ....434

15.3.2 Logging messages with attributes ....438

15.3.3 Configuring minimum logging levels....440

15.3.4 Logging HTTP requests and responses....442

15.4 Using static content and client-side packages ....444

15.4.1 Adding the static content middleware ....445

15.4.2 Using client-side packages ....448

Summary....450

16 Using the platform features, part 2....451

16.1 Preparing for this chapter....452

16.2 Using cookies....453

16.2.1 Enabling cookie consent checking....455

16.2.2 Managing cookie consent ....457

16.3 Using sessions ....459

16.3.1 Configuring the session service and middleware ....459

16.3.2 Using session data ....462

16.4 Working with HTTPS connections....464

16.4.1 Enabling HTTPS connections ....464

16.4.2 Detecting HTTPS requests....466

16.4.3 Enforcing HTTPS requests....467

16.4.4 Enabling HTTP strict transport security....468

16.5 Using rate limits....470

16.6 Handling exceptions and errors....474

16.6.1 Returning an HTML error response....475

16.6.2 Enriching status code responses....477

16.7 Filtering requests using the host header....479

Summary....482

17 Working with data....483

17.1 Preparing for this chapter....485

17.2 Caching data....485

17.2.1 Caching data values ....487

17.2.2 Using a shared and persistent data cache....490

17.3 Caching responses ....494

17.4 Caching output....497

17.4.1 Defining a custom cache policy....500

17.5 Using Entity Framework Core ....502

17.5.1 Installing Entity Framework Core....502

17.5.2 Creating the data model ....503

17.5.3 Configuring the database service....504

17.5.4 Creating and applying the database migration ....506

17.5.5 Seeding the database....506

17.5.6 Using data in an endpoint....509

Summary....512

Part 3....514

18 Creating the example project....516

18.1 Creating the project....517

18.2 Adding a data model....518

18.2.1 Adding NuGet packages to the project ....518

18.2.2 Creating the data model....518

18.2.3 Preparing the seed data....520

18.2.4 Configuring EF Core services and middleware ....521

18.2.5 Creating and applying the migration ....522

18.3 Adding the CSS framework ....523

18.4 Configuring the request pipeline....523

18.5 Running the example application ....524

19 Creating RESTful web services....525

19.1 Preparing for this chapter....526

19.2 Understanding RESTful web services....527

19.2.1 Understanding request URLs and methods....527

19.2.2 Understanding JSON ....528

19.3 Creating a web service using the minimal API....529

19.4 Creating a web service using a controller ....531

19.4.1 Enabling the MVC Framework ....532

19.4.2 Creating a controller ....533

19.5 Improving the web service ....543

19.5.1 Using asynchronous actions....544

19.5.2 Preventing over-binding....545

19.5.3 Using action results....547

19.5.4 Validating data ....552

19.5.5 Applying the API controller attribute ....554

19.5.6 Omitting Null properties ....556

19.5.7 Applying a rate limit ....559

Summary....562

20 Advanced web service features....563

20.1 Preparing for this chapter....564

20.1.1 Dropping the database....565

20.1.2 Running the example application ....565

20.2 Dealing with related data ....566

20.2.1 Breaking circular references in related data ....568

20.3 Supporting the HTTP PATCH method....569

20.3.1 Understanding JSON Patch ....569

20.3.2 Installing and configuring the JSON Patch package ....570

20.3.3 Defining the action method ....571

20.4 Understanding content formatting....573

20.4.1 Understanding the default content policy ....573

20.4.2 Understanding content negotiation....575

20.4.3 Specifying an action result format....580

20.4.4 Requesting a format in the URL ....581

20.4.5 Restricting the formats received by an action method....582

20.4.6 Caching output ....584

20.5 Documenting and exploring web services....586

20.5.1 Resolving action conflicts ....586

20.5.2 Installing and configuring the Swashbuckle package ....587

20.5.3 Fine-Tuning the API description....589

Summary....593

21 Using controllers with views, part I....594

21.1 Preparing for this chapter....595

21.1.1 Dropping the database....596

21.1.2 Running the example application ....596

21.2 Getting started with views....597

21.2.1 Configuring the application ....597

21.2.2 Creating an HTML controller ....598

21.2.3 Creating a Razor View....601

21.2.4 Selecting a View by name....604

21.3 Working with Razor Views....608

21.3.1 Setting the view model type ....611

21.3.2 Understanding the view model type pitfall....617

21.4 Understanding the Razor syntax....620

21.4.1 Understanding directives ....620

21.4.2 Understanding content expressions....621

21.4.3 Setting element content ....622

21.4.4 Setting attribute values....623

21.4.5 Using conditional expressions....624

21.4.6 Enumerating sequences....627

21.4.7 Using Razor code blocks ....629

Summary....631

22 Using controllers with views, part II....632

22.1 Preparing for this chapter....633

22.1.1 Dropping the database....634

22.1.2 Running the example application ....634

22.2 Using the view bag....635

22.3 Using temp data ....637

22.4 Working with layouts....640

22.4.1 Configuring layouts using the view bag....642

22.4.2 Using a view start file ....643

22.4.3 Overriding the default layout ....645

22.4.4 Using layout sections....648

22.5 Using partial views....655

22.5.1 Enabling partial views....655

22.5.2 Creating a partial view....655

22.5.3 Applying a partial view ....656

22.6 Understanding content-encoding....658

22.6.1 Understanding HTML encoding ....659

22.6.2 Understanding JSON encoding....661

Summary....662

23 Using Razor Pages....663

23.1 Preparing for this chapter....665

23.1.1 Running the example application ....665

23.2 Understanding Razor Pages....666

23.2.1 Configuring Razor Pages....666

23.2.2 Creating a Razor Page ....667

23.3 Understanding Razor Pages routing....672

23.3.1 Specifying a routing pattern in a Razor Page ....673

23.3.2 Adding routes for a Razor Page ....675

23.4 Understanding the Page model class....677

23.4.1 Using a code-behind class file ....677

23.4.2 Understanding action results in Razor Pages ....680

23.4.3 Handling multiple HTTP methods....684

23.4.4 Selecting a handler method....686

23.5 Understanding the Razor Page view ....689

23.5.1 Creating a layout for Razor Pages....689

23.5.2 Using partial views in Razor Pages....691

23.5.3 Creating Razor Pages without page models....692

Summary....694

24 Using view components....695

24.1 Preparing for this chapter....696

24.1.1 Dropping the database....699

24.1.2 Running the example application ....699

24.2 Understanding view components....700

24.3 Creating and using a view component ....700

24.3.1 Applying a view component ....701

24.4 Understanding view component results....704

24.4.1 Returning a partial view ....705

24.4.2 Returning HTML fragments....708

24.5 Getting context data ....711

24.5.1 Providing context from the parent view using arguments ....712

24.5.2 Creating asynchronous view components....716

24.6 Creating view components classes....718

24.6.1 Creating a hybrid controller class....721

Summary....723

25 Using tag helpers....724

25.1 Preparing for this chapter....725

25.1.1 Dropping the database....727

25.1.2 Running the example application ....727

25.2 Creating a tag helper....728

25.2.1 Defining the tag helper class....728

25.2.2 Registering tag helpers....731

25.2.3 Using a tag helper....731

25.2.4 Narrowing the scope of a tag helper....733

25.2.5 Widening the scope of a tag helper ....734

25.3 Advanced tag helper features....736

25.3.1 Creating shorthand elements ....736

25.3.2 Creating elements programmatically ....739

25.3.3 Prepending and appending content and elements....740

25.3.4 Getting view context data....743

25.3.5 Working with model expressions....745

25.3.6 Coordinating between tag helpers....751

25.3.7 Suppressing the output element ....753

25.4 Using tag helper components ....754

25.4.1 Creating a tag helper component ....754

25.4.2 Expanding tag helper component element selection ....756

Summary....758

26 Using the built-in tag helpers....759

26.1 Preparing for this chapter....760

26.1.1 Adding an image file....762

26.1.2 Installing a client-side package....762

26.1.3 Dropping the database....763

26.1.4 Running the example application ....763

26.2 Enabling the built-in tag helpers....763

26.3 Transforming anchor elements....764

26.3.1 Using anchor elements for Razor Pages ....766

26.4 Using the JavaScript and CSS tag helpers....768

26.4.1 Managing JavaScript files....768

26.4.2 Managing CSS stylesheets....776

26.5 Working with image elements ....779

26.6 Using the data cache ....781

26.6.1 Setting cache expiry....783

26.7 Using the hosting environment tag helper....786

Summary....787

27 Using the forms tag helpers....788

27.1 Preparing for this chapter....789

27.1.1 Dropping the database....791

27.1.2 Running the example application ....791

27.2 Understanding the form handling pattern....791

27.2.1 Creating a controller to handle forms ....792

27.2.2 Creating a Razor Page to handle forms....794

27.3 Using tag helpers to improve HTML forms....797

27.3.1 Working with form elements ....797

27.3.2 Transforming form buttons ....799

27.4 Working with input elements....800

27.4.1 Transforming the input element type attribute ....802

27.4.2 Formatting input element values ....804

27.4.3 Displaying values from related data in input elements....808

27.5 Working with label elements ....812

27.6 Working with select and option elements....814

27.6.1 Populating a select element ....816

27.7 Working with text areas....818

27.8 Using the anti-forgery feature ....820

27.8.1 Enabling the anti-forgery feature in a controller ....822

27.8.2 Enabling the anti-forgery feature in a Razor Page....823

27.8.3 Using anti-forgery tokens with JavaScript clients....823

28 Using model binding....827

28.1 Preparing for this chapter....829

28.1.1 Dropping the database....830

28.1.2 Running the example application ....830

28.2 Understanding model binding....830

28.3 Binding simple data types....832

28.3.1 Binding simple data types in Razor Pages ....833

28.3.2 Understanding default binding values....835

28.4 Binding complex types....838

28.4.1 Binding to a property ....840

28.4.2 Binding nested complex types ....842

28.4.3 Selectively binding properties....846

28.5 Binding to arrays and collections....849

28.5.1 Binding to arrays....849

28.5.2 Binding to simple collections....853

28.5.3 Binding to dictionaries....853

28.5.4 Binding to collections of complex types....855

28.6 Specifying a model binding source....857

28.6.1 Selecting a binding source for a property ....860

28.6.2 Using headers for model binding ....860

28.6.3 Using request bodies as binding sources ....862

28.7 Manual model binding....863

29 Using model validation....866

29.1 Preparing for this chapter....868

29.1.1 Dropping the database....869

29.1.2 Running the example application ....869

29.2 Understanding the need for model validation ....870

29.3 Validating data....870

29.3.1 Displaying validation messages....874

29.3.2 Understanding the implicit validation checks ....876

29.3.3 Performing explicit validation ....877

29.3.4 Configuring the default validation error messages ....880

29.3.5 Displaying property-level validation messages....883

29.3.6 Displaying model-level messages....884

29.4 Explicitly validating data in a Razor Page ....887

29.5 Specifying validation rules using metadata....890

29.5.1 Creating a custom property validation attribute....894

29.5.2 Creating a custom model validation attribute ....895

29.6 Performing client-side validation....899

29.7 Performing remote validation....902

29.7.1 Performing remote validation in Razor Pages ....905

30 Using filters....908

30.1 Preparing for this chapter....909

30.1.1 Enabling HTTPS Connections....911

30.1.2 Dropping the database....912

30.1.3 Running the example application ....913

30.2 Using filters....913

30.3 Understanding filters....918

30.4 Creating custom filters....920

30.4.1 Understanding authorization filters....920

30.4.2 Understanding resource filters....923

30.4.3 Understanding action filters....927

30.4.4 Understanding page filters....932

30.4.5 Understanding result filters....936

30.4.6 Understanding exception filters....941

30.4.7 Creating an exception filter ....942

30.5 Managing the filter lifecycle....944

30.5.1 Creating filter factories....946

30.5.2 Using dependency injection scopes to manage filter lifecycles....948

30.6 Creating global filters....949

30.7 Understanding and changing filter order....951

31 Creating form applications....957

31.1 Preparing for this chapter....957

31.1.1 Dropping the database....961

31.1.2 Running the example application ....961

31.2 Creating an MVC forms application ....961

31.2.1 Preparing the view model and the view....961

31.2.2 Reading data....964

31.2.3 Creating data....966

31.2.4 Editing data....969

31.2.5 Deleting data ....972

31.3 Creating a Razor Pages forms application ....973

31.3.1 Creating common functionality ....975

31.3.2 Defining pages for the CRUD operations....978

31.4 Creating new related data objects....981

31.4.1 Providing the related data in the same request....981

31.4.2 Breaking out to create new data....985

Part 4....992

32 Creating the example project....994

32.1 Creating the project....995

32.1.1 Adding NuGet packages to the project ....996

32.2 Adding a data model....996

32.2.1 Preparing the seed data....998

32.2.2 Configuring Entity Framework Core ....999

32.2.3 Creating and applying the migration ....1000

32.3 Adding the Bootstrap CSS framework ....1000

32.4 Configuring the services and middleware....1001

32.5 Creating a controller and view....1002

32.6 Creating a Razor Page....1004

32.7 Running the example application ....1006

33 Using Blazor Server, part 1....1007

33.1 Preparing for this chapter....1009

33.2 Understanding Blazor Server....1009

33.2.1 Understanding the Blazor Server advantages ....1011

33.2.2 Understanding the Blazor Server disadvantages ....1011

33.2.3 Choosing between Blazor Server and Angular/React/Vue.js....1011

33.3 Getting started with Blazor ....1011

33.3.1 Configuring ASP.NET Core for Blazor Server....1012

33.3.2 Creating a Razor Component ....1014

33.4 Understanding the basic Razor Component features....1019

33.4.1 Understanding Blazor events and data bindings....1019

33.4.2 Working with data bindings....1027

33.5 Using class files to define components....1033

33.5.1 Using a code-behind class....1033

33.5.2 Defining a Razor Component class....1035

34 Using Blazor Server, part 2....1037

34.1 Preparing for this chapter....1038

34.2 Combining components ....1039

34.2.1 Configuring components with attributes....1041

34.2.2 Creating custom events and bindings....1045

34.3 Displaying child content in a component ....1050

34.3.1 Creating template components....1052

34.3.2 Using generic type parameters in template components....1055

34.3.3 Cascading parameters....1061

34.4 Handling errors....1064

34.4.1 Handling connection errors....1064

34.4.2 Handling uncaught application errors....1067

34.4.3 Using error boundaries....1069

35 Advanced Blazor features....1075

35.1 Preparing for this chapter....1077

35.2 Using component routing....1077

35.2.1 Preparing the Razor Page....1078

35.2.2 Adding routes to components....1080

35.2.3 Navigating between routed components....1083

35.2.4 Receiving routing data....1086

35.2.5 Defining common content using layouts....1088

35.3 Understanding the component lifecycle methods....1090

35.3.1 Using the lifecycle methods for asynchronous tasks....1093

35.4 Managing component interaction....1095

35.4.1 Using references to child components ....1095

35.4.2 Interacting with components from other code....1098

35.4.3 Interacting with components using JavaScript....1103

36 Blazor forms and data....1113

36.1 Preparing for this chapter....1114

36.1.1 Dropping the database and running the application ....1118

36.2 Using the Blazor form components....1118

36.2.1 Creating custom form components....1121

36.2.2 Validating form data....1125

36.2.3 Handling form events....1129

36.3 Using Entity Framework Core with Blazor....1131

36.3.1 Understanding the EF Core context scope issue....1131

36.3.2 Understanding the repeated query issue ....1136

36.4 Performing CRUD operations ....1142

36.4.1 Creating the list component ....1143

36.4.2 Creating the details component ....1144

36.4.3 Creating the editor component....1146

36.5 Extending the Blazor form features....1148

36.5.1 Creating a custom validation constraint....1149

36.5.2 Creating a valid-only submit button component ....1152

37 Using Blazor WebAssembly....1155

37.1 Preparing for this chapter....1156

37.1.1 Dropping the database and running the application ....1158

37.2 Setting Up Blazor WebAssembly....1159

37.2.1 Creating the shared project ....1159

37.2.2 Creating the Blazor WebAssembly project ....1159

37.2.3 Preparing the ASP.NET Core project....1160

37.2.4 Adding the solution references....1160

37.2.5 Opening the projects ....1160

37.2.6 Completing the Blazor WebAssembly configuration....1161

37.2.7 Testing the placeholder components ....1163

37.3 Creating a Blazor WebAssembly component....1164

37.3.1 Importing the data model namespace ....1164

37.3.2 Creating a component....1164

37.3.3 Creating a layout....1169

37.3.4 Defining CSS styles....1170

37.4 Completing the Blazor WebAssembly Form application ....1171

37.4.1 Creating the details component ....1171

37.4.2 Creating the editor component ....1172

38 Using ASP.NET Core Identity....1176

38.1 Preparing for this chapter....1177

38.2 Preparing the project for ASP.NET Core Identity ....1178

38.2.1 Preparing the ASP.NET Core Identity database....1179

38.2.2 Configuring the application ....1180

38.2.3 Creating and applying the Identity database migration ....1181

38.3 Creating user management tools....1181

38.3.1 Preparing for user management tools....1183

38.3.2 Enumerating user accounts....1184

38.3.3 Creating users....1185

38.3.4 Editing users....1193

38.3.5 Deleting users....1195

38.4 Creating role management tools....1196

38.4.1 Preparing for role management tools....1198

38.4.2 Enumerating and deleting roles....1198

38.4.3 Creating roles....1200

38.4.4 Assigning role membership....1201

39 Applying ASP.NET Core Identity....1205

39.1 Preparing for this chapter....1206

39.2 Authenticating users....1207

39.2.1 Creating the login feature....1208

39.2.2 Inspecting the ASP.NET Core Identity cookie....1210

39.2.3 Creating a Sign-Out page ....1211

39.2.4 Testing the authentication feature ....1212

39.2.5 Enabling the Identity authentication middleware ....1212

39.3 Authorizing access to endpoints....1216

39.3.1 Applying the authorization attribute ....1216

39.3.2 Enabling the authorization middleware ....1217

39.3.3 Creating the access denied endpoint ....1217

39.3.4 Creating the seed data....1218

39.3.5 Testing the authentication sequence....1220

39.4 Authorizing access to Blazor applications....1221

39.4.1 Performing authorization in Blazor components ....1223

39.4.2 Displaying content to authorized users....1225

39.5 Authenticating and authorizing web services....1227

39.5.1 Building a simple JavaScript client ....1229

39.5.2 Restricting access to the web service ....1231

39.5.3 Using cookie authentication ....1232

39.5.4 Using bearer token authentication ....1235

39.5.5 Creating tokens....1236

39.5.6 Authenticating with tokens ....1239

39.5.7 Restricting access with tokens ....1241

39.5.8 Using tokens to request data ....1241

index....1244

Now in its tenth edition, this industry-leading guide to ASP.NET Core teaches everything you need to know to create easy, extensible, and cloud-native web applications.

Inside Pro ASP.NET Core 7 you will learn how to:

• Configure the ASP.NET Core request pipeline to handle requests
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• Authenticate requests using ASP.NET Core Identity

Pro ASP.NET Core is an acclaimed bestseller, and a bible for .NET web developers. Tens of thousands of readers have benefited from its comprehensive coverage of ASP.NET’s key tools and techniques. Now in its tenth edition, this revised guide has been fully updated to .NET 7, with extensive chapters on Razor Pages, Blazor, and the MVC framework. It maintains the style and structure of popular previous editions, with content updated for ASP.NET Core’s latest evolution.

About the technology

ASP.NET Core 7 gives you everything you need to create awesome web apps in C#. This powerful framework handles anything you throw at it, from high-volume HTTP requests and RESTful web services, to efficient HTML and CSS round trips and WebAssembly for rich user interactions.

About the book

Pro ASP.NET Core 7 is the industry-leading guide to building web applications with ASP.NET Core. In it, you’ll build a realistic online store as you learn about web services, authentication and authorization, container deployment, and more. Author Adam Freeman’s comfortable style mentors you through advanced topics like RESTful web services, Razor Pages for HTML responses, and data access with Entity Framework Core. Engaging hands-on examples show you how each tool works in action.

What’s inside

• The ASP.NET Core request pipeline
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• Authenticate requests using ASP.NET Core Identity

About the reader

For web developers experienced with C# and the basics of .NET.

About the author

Adam Freeman has written over a dozen bestselling books on software development. He has held numerous senior IT positions, most recently as CTO and COO of a global bank. The technical editor on this book is Fabio Claudio Ferracchiati.